As an infinite set of parallel paths, loops can be understood. Notionally, the loop consists of a single
link b, then the set of all paths during that loop point is
'b0 + b1 + b2................'
Specifically, for an individual link infinite sum is denoted by b* and when X is a path expression,*
denoted by X
For the above figure, the path expression is denoted by the notation:
ab * c = ac + abc + abbc + abbbc + ........
Obviously,
aa* = a*a = a +and XX* = X * X = X
It is more appropriate to specify the fact that a loop cann ot be taken more than a cerai, say 'n' number of times
a bar is used under the exponent to denote the fact as follows:
Xn = X0 + X1 + X2 ........ + Xn
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